unittest — Unit testing framework

基础示例

import unittest

class MyTest(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_divide_zero(self):
        with self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError):
            1/0
            pass

if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

TestCase 

setUp
每次执行前都调用. 各个test的函数分别调用的
tearDown
每次执行单元测试时, 最后都调用这个, 即使raise Exception了

assets methods 

assertEqual, assertNotEqual,
assertTrue(expr, msg=None), assertFalse 添加msg参数可以报错时知道为什么报错了
assertIs, assertIsNot,
assertIsNone, assertIsNotNone,
assertIn(a, b), assertNotIn
assertIsInstance, assertNotIsInstance
assertRaises

with self.assertRaises(SomeException):
    do_something()  如果do_something 不报这个 SomeException, 就失败

assertRaisesRegex(exception, regex) 注意, 这个的regex和re.match不一样, 不需要从头匹配

with self.assertRaisesRegex(Exception, "自定义") as e:
    pass
print(e.exception)
# 也可以让这个assertraise来调用函数callable
self.assertRaisesRegex(exception, regex, callable, *args, **kwds)

assertAlmostEqual 把a和b进行对比, 得到的值取places的精度. 看是否为0. 也可以传入delta, 看绝对误差多少

self.assertAlmostEqual(3.1415, 3.14, places=2)
self.assertAlmostEqual(100, 100.9, delta=1)

addCleanup(function, /, *args, **kwargs)

class MyTest(unittest.TestCase):

    def after(self, *args, **kwargs):
        print(args)  # addCleanup的参数会放进来, 这样可以在单元测试内打开文件, 传入fd. 这里close了
        print("after")

    def test_raise(self):
        self.addCleanup(self.after, 1, 2)
        with self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError):
            1/2
        print("测试完毕")

    def test_divide_zero(self):
        self.addCleanup(self.after, 1, 2)
        with self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError):
            1/0
        print("测试完毕")

Skip跳过

@unittest.skipIf(condition, reason)

Class and Module Fixtures

模块执行和Class的setUpClass都只会调用一遍.
测试

# test_function.py
def setUpModule():
    print("模块执行前调用")

class Test(unittest.TestCase):

    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        print("class 之前调用")

    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls):
        print("class 之前调用")

def tearDownModule():
    print("模块执行后调用")